Kidney stones form in your kidneys. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Dede O, Sancaktutar AA, Daguli M, Utanga M, Ba O, Penbegul N. Ultra-mini-percutaneous nephrolithotomy in pediatric nephrolithiasis: Both low pressure and high efficiency. Urology. 2007 Nov. 50(5):552-63. Urine leaves the body through another small tube called the urethra. Wen J, Xu G, Du C, Wang B. Minimally invasive percutaneous nephrolithotomy versus endoscopic combined intrarenal surgery with flexible ureteroscope for partial staghorn calculi: A randomised controlled trial. J Urol. World J Urol. [Full Text]. Given that stones smaller than 3 mm are already associated with an 85% chance of spontaneous passage, MET is probably most useful for stones 3-10 mm in size, though many urologists would argue for the addition of MET with alpha-blockers even with smaller or proximal stones due to the relative in-expense and few side effects for patients undergoing trial of passage if it can potentially avoid need for operative intervention. J Urol. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. Once postoperative complications have been excluded and the patient is clinically healthy, standard radiographic follow-up care includes abdominal radiography or ultrasound every 6-12 months. For example, the presence of a ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction or a ureteral stricture could make passing even very small stones difficult or impossible. clip-path: url(#SVGID_6_); The shock head delivers shockwaves developed from an electrohydraulic, electromagnetic, or piezoelectric source. 2(2):145-9. Oral Antibiotic Exposure and Kidney Stone Disease. Most small stones in patients with relatively mild hydronephrosis can be treated with observation and acetaminophen. A stent that is unclogged and functioning normally should show free reflux of contrast from the bladder into the stented renal pelvis. [Full Text]. Disorders linked with bilateral hydronephrosis include: Acute bilateral obstructive uropathy - sudden blockage of the kidneys. [QxMD MEDLINE Link]. We present an atypical case of obstructive uropathy without these features that presented with severe acute kidney injury. [QxMD MEDLINE Link].
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